Two rules behind everything
Many originals are photos of photos — a camera pointed at a print, painting, or object. You are not tracing the subject. You trace the rectangle of film the camera exposed. That rectangle is the
image_area.Tight 4-point polygon, right angles, tilted to match the frame (frames sit rotated 1–3°; the model learns the straightening angle from your edges). Never carve extra points to chase content, soft edges, or damage. The single exception: large-format sheet film (Playbook 06).
The three labels
| Label | What it is | Where it appears |
|---|---|---|
| image_area | The photographic picture itself — what ultimately gets cropped out. One per frame, including partial frames peeking in at the edges. | Every material type |
| sprockets | Film perforation holes. One tight box per visible hole, on any film where perforations show. | Any perforated film strip |
| slide_mount | Cardboard / plastic / paper mount around a slide. Full outer rectangle, overlapping the window inside it. | Mounted slides & slide sheets |
Chip colors above are used consistently in this document for teaching. In LabelMe they can be anything.
What am I looking at?
The physical object decides what you label. Answer the questions; you'll land on the right playbook.
| Object | Labels | Playbook |
|---|---|---|
| 35mm film strip | image_area per frame + sprockets per hole | 01 |
| Mounted slide | image_area + slide_mount | 02 |
| Slide sheet (≤ 20 slides) | Up to 20 × (image_area + slide_mount) | 03 |
| Roll / strip, non-35mm | image_area per frame + sprockets if perforations visible | 04 |
| Glass plate / taped plate | image_area only | 05 |
| Large-format sheet film | image_area only (may be non-rectangular) | 06 |
Filename hints: RMFn / FWAAV / UTKKN → 35mm · EEPA → roll or sheet · COL → slide sheets · S04_SS01 → plates · dpa → mounted slides. Hints only — always confirm by eye.
Per-material playbooks
01 · 35mm film strip
RMFn · FWAAV · UTKKN · momuContinuous strip, perforation holes top and bottom, 2–4 frames per scan. Usually a very dark negative.
image_area every frame incl. partials · sprockets every visible hole
- Brighten first (see Dark scans) so true frame edges show.
- One 4-point rectangle per frame, tilted with the strip.
- Run edges straight through underexposed black regions.
- Frame edge crossing the sprocket row → keep the straight line; overlap is fine.
- Partial frame at scan edge → end at the threshold of visibility. Judgement call; keep it rectangular, just smaller.
- One tight box per sprocket hole. Cut-off hole → box the visible part; skip thin slivers.
- Skipping the faint frame peeking in at the strip end.
- Stretching partials to the input-image edge.
- Cutting the rectangle inward where the image goes black.
- One long box across the whole sprocket row.
02 · Mounted slide
FWAAV · dpaOne image window inside a cardboard, plastic, or paper mount (Kodachrome, "NAT. GEO. SOC."). No perforations visible.
image_area window · slide_mount full outer rectangle
- slide_mount = whole outer rectangle of the visible mount. It overlaps the window inside — expected; never cut the window out.
- Include the angled inner lip that bevels toward the film, right up to the window.
- Carrier or scanner hides part of the mount → follow the visible edge only; don't guess the hidden extent.
- image_area = tight rectangle on the film window, tilted with the slide.
- Adjacent slides peeking in at the sides → label their visible
slide_mountpartials too; add image_area only if their window shows (mount-only partials are labeled — client-approved).
- Donut-shaped mount with the window carved out.
- Extending the mount into black where you assume it continues.
- Labeling slide-tray holes as sprockets — a tray is not film.
03 · Slide sheet (up to 20)
COL · Print File pagesArchival plastic page holding a grid of mounted slides, typically 4 × 5 pockets.
Per slide: image_area + slide_mount. Up to 20 pairs per scan.
- Work in reading order (left→right, top→bottom) so nothing is missed.
- Each slide follows Playbook 02 exactly.
- Every slide sits at its own rotation in its pocket — match each tilt individually.
- Empty pockets get nothing.
- Before saving: count shapes = slides × 2.
- Labeling the pocket edge of the plastic sheet instead of the mount edge.
- Copy-pasting one rotation onto all 20 slides.
- Missing one slide in a full sheet — that's why you count.
04 · Roll / medium-format / lightly-perforated strip
EEPAContinuous strip, multiple frames, few or no visible perforation holes. Wider film; frames near-square or 6×4.5 / 6×6 / 6×9. Some EEPA strips are perforated — the film decides, not the collection prefix.
image_area per frame + sprockets on every clearly visible hole. Never slide_mount.
- One 4-point rectangle per frame, tilted with the strip.
- Soft or rounded exposure edges → straight lines through the rounding. Still 4 points.
- Holder mask cuts a frame → treat like a scan edge: end at visibility threshold, stay rectangular.
- Perforations: box every clearly visible hole; slivers mostly hidden by the holder are skipped.
- Light spill / white glow around the holder → never labeled.
- A shape around the whole illuminated strip — no label exists for the strip.
- slide_mount anywhere on a strip — there is no mount on strips.
- Skipping sprockets because "this batch is roll film" — box them wherever the holes actually show.
- Multi-point polygons tracing rounded exposure edges.
05 · Glass plate / plate in tape mask
S04_SS01Single rigid plate. Two looks in the corpus: (a) exposure fills the whole plate to its edge; (b) plate taped into a black paper/tape mask sitting on the light table.
image_area only.
- Full-bleed plate: image_area = the exposed plate area. Rounded plate corners → straight 4-point rectangle through the rounding.
- Taped / masked plate: image_area = the exposed image inside the tape opening. Tape occlusion works like a carrier: follow the visible exposure edge; don't guess under the tape.
- White surround = light table. Black tape/mask = digitization equipment → never labeled (no mount label on plates).
- Emulsion damage, flaking, black corners → stay inside the rectangle, straight edges through.
- Labeling the tape/mask as slide_mount — plates never get a mount label.
- Tracing chipped emulsion or tape wrinkles with extra points.
- Labeling the glass edge instead of the exposure edge.
06 · Large-format sheet film
EEPA sheet · notch-codedSingle large negative/positive sheet, often with corner notch codes. Exposed area shaped by the film holder.
image_area only — the one material where it may be non-rectangular.
- Trace the exposed-area edge — the film-holder opening shape. Clipped corners or irregular opening → follow it.
- Clean rectangular exposure → clean 4-point rectangle.
- Picture-of-a-picture is common here: label the film exposure (middle), never the print/painting inside, never the physical sheet edge (outer).
- Applying the non-rectangular exception to strips or plates — sheet film only.
- Labeling the physical sheet edge instead of the exposed area.
Oddball gallery
Every judgement-call case seen in the corpus so far. When in doubt: reasonable call → sort ambiguous.
Underexposed / pure-black frame regions
Part of a frame (often the bottom) reads pure black in the negative. The frame is still a full rectangle — the edge continues uninterrupted through the black. Never stop at visible content.
Picture of a picture (nested rectangles)
Original camera photographed a print, painting, tintype, or object. You'll see up to three nested rectangles: outer physical film → middle film exposure → inner subject. Label the middle one. Inverted tone (white borders read black) changes nothing.
Carriers, masks & digitization hardware — never labeled
Light reflects off the carrier's metal edges and can look like extra frames. Label only the inner film rectangle as image_area. The hard bright line (sometimes yellow) is where the flexible film ends and the metal carrier begins — that is your edge. A side partial is still labeled — do not crop it out.
Flare / bloom past the frame edge
Overexposed strips bloom light past the true frame boundary. Trace the frame edge, not the glow — same logic as black regions, inverted: keep the straight line where the exposure boundary runs. Sort ambiguous; flare edges are subjective.
Mount barely visible on dark background
Dark mount on black background: the outer mount edge nearly disappears. Brighten heavily; trace the visible edge only. Genuinely can't find it → label image_area alone and sort ambiguous. Approved example below.
Adjacent items peeking in at the scan edge
Neighbor frames, slides, or strip segments at the edges are in scope. Frames → image_area to visibility threshold. Mounted-slide neighbors → slide_mount partial; image_area only if their window shows.
Light leaks, holder glow, scanner background, tray holes
- White light-table surround, light leaks, holder glow → never labeled.
- Slide-tray / carrier holes → not sprockets. Sprockets are holes in the film.
- Carriers, masks, trays, station hardware → never labeled under any class.
- Holder-mask occlusion of a frame → same as a scan edge: end at threshold, stay rectangular.
- Perforations reduced to slivers under the holder → skip.
Working with dark scans
- Raise monitor gamma/brightness, or use LabelMe's brightness/contrast tool on the canvas.
- Eyes + monitors read highlight detail better than shadow detail — inverting monitor tone at system level can reveal frame edges in negatives.
- Fastest: keep a pre-brightened copy of the batch open beside LabelMe for reference while labeling the originals. (Every dark example in this SOP is gamma-lifted the same way.)
Sorting your output
| Bucket | Criteria |
|---|---|
clear | Confident what to label. |
ambiguous | Labeled it, but unsure — flags it for review. |
skip | Blank, a calibration/color target, or you genuinely can't tell where the frame is. Don't guess. |
Submission: ZIP the batch with JPG + JSON side by side → current Dropbox request link.